Abstract
In order to make the method of liquid–liquid extraction usable, it is necessary to have the complete characteristics of the liquid systems to be separated. The study and comparison of a range of physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of such systems makes it possible to discover factors affecting the miscibility of the liquids and to establish the presence of specific interactions between the components.
The study of specific interactions with the aim of determining their nature is complicated and requires in each case specific models which include the individual features of the interacting species. When such investigations are combined with the study of solutions by physicochemical techniques, the nature of the solutions and the mechanisms of the processes occurring in them are gradually elucidated.
The present review deals with solubility and the most important physicochemical methods for the investigation of the hydrogen bond in solutions. Certain problems in infrared spectra associated with the effects of general and specific intermolecular interactions and the effect of hydrogen bonds of the type ОН...О=С in systems with ketones and aliphatic acids are discussed.
The bibliography includes 146 references.