Application of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy to the Study of Coordination-unsaturated Transition Metal Ions on the Surfaces of Catalysts

The methodological characteristics of the application of the EPR and ultraviolet spectroscopic methods to the study of heterogeneous catalysts and reactions on their surfaces are briefly described. The concept of the coordination-unsaturated ions and the causes hindering their identification on catalyst surfaces by spectroscopic methods are discussed. Studies where the coordination and valence states of the surface coordination-unsaturated transition metal ions and their properties have been investigated with the aid of EPR and diffuse scattered light ultraviolet spectroscopy are examined. Data concerning the formation of surface complexes by the coordination-unsaturated ions with adsorbed molecules are analysed.
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