Abstract
Experimental and theoretical aspects of the application of steady and transient electrical birefringence methods to dilute solutions of rigid-chain polymers are examined. The prospects of using the Kerr effect to study the conformational and the structural characteristics of macromolecular chains are analysed. The effect of the polarity of the medium on the electro-optical properties of polymeric molecules is discussed. The bibliography includes 117 references.
References
1.
1
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1948
2.
2
A. A. Krasnovskii
Zhur. Fiz. Khim. ,
1956
3.
3
M. F. Shostakovskii
"Prostye Vinilovye Efiry" (Vinyl Ethers) ,
1952
4.
5.
5
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1953
6.
Born M.
Annalen der Physik ,
1918
7.
7
E. Rabinowitch
"Photosynthesis" ,
1956
8.
O'Konski C.T., Yoshioka K., Orttung W.H.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry ,
1959
9.
9
V. H. Lynch
Carnegie Inst. Year Book ,
1954
10.
10
T. A. Kryukova
"Polyaro-graficheskii Analiz" (Polarographic Analysis) ,
1959
11.
11
T. T. Bannister
Diss. Abstr. ,
1959
12.
12
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1950
13.
13
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1954
14.
14
V. B. Evstigneev
Zhur. Fiz. Khim. ,
1958
15.
15
A. S. Holt
"Research in Photosynthesis" ,
1957
16.
16
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1949
17.
Hearst J.E.
Journal of Chemical Physics ,
1963
18.
Broersma S.
Journal of Chemical Physics ,
1960
19.
Hagerman P.J., Zimm B.H.
Biopolymers ,
1981
20.
Hagerman P.J.
Biopolymers ,
1981
21.
Lewis R.J., Pecora R., Eden D.
Macromolecules ,
1986
22.
Guyénot E.
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences ,
1945
23.
Kuhn H.
Helvetica Chimica Acta ,
1948
24.
Kuhn W., Grün F.
Colloid and Polymer Science ,
1942
25.
25
G. W. Robinson
J. Chem. Phys. ,
1955
26.
26
B. Ya. Dain
1957
27.
27
A. A. Krasnovskii
Biofizika ,
1956
28.
Kuhn W.
Helvetica Chimica Acta ,
1948
29.
Tsvetkov V.N.
European Polymer Journal ,
1976
30.
30
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1954
31.
31
A. A. Krasnovskii
Biokhimiya ,
1960
32.
Leute U., Smith T.L.
Macromolecules ,
1978
33.
33
M. B. Neiman
"Issledovanie Mekhanizma Okisleniya Butana" (Research on the Mechanism of the Oxidation of Butane) ,
1939
34.
34
G. W. Robinson
J. Chem. Phys. ,
1886
35.
Beevers M.S., Garrington D.C., Williams G.
Polymer ,
1977
36.
Matsumoto M., Watanabe H., Yoshioka K.
Biopolymers ,
1968
37.
Matsumoto M., Watanabe H., Yoshioka K.
Biopolymers ,
1973
38.
Yamaoka K., Fukudome K.
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan ,
1983
39.
Nwammuo O.P., Maitland G.C.
Journal of the Chemical Society Faraday Transactions ,
1992
40.
40
A. A. Krasnovskii
Biofizika ,
1960
41.
41
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1950
42.
42
L. K. Obukhova
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Khim. Nauk ,
1960
43.
43
N. Bunge
Ber. Deutsch. Chem. Ges. ,
1870
44.
44
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1953
45.
45
W. Hendrich
Roczniki Chemii ,
1958
46.
46
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1955
47.
47
G. Oster
"Research in Photosynthesis" ,
1957
48.
48
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1955
49.
49
A. A. Krasnovskii
Biofizika ,
1958
50.
50
G. Glacomello
Gazzetta. ,
1935
51.
Tsvetkov V.N., Rjumtsev E.I., Pogodina N.V., Shtennikova J.N.
European Polymer Journal ,
1975
52.
Tsvetkov V.N., Riumtsev E.I., Shtennikova I.N., Pogodina N.V., Peker T.V.
European Polymer Journal ,
1975
53.
53
D. Porretand E. Rabinowitch
Nature ,
1937
54.
54
R. Livingston
J. Phys. Chem. ,
1941
55.
55
G. A. Bogdanovskii
1958
56.
Tsvetkov V.N., Lezoy A.V., Tsvetkov N.V., Andreeva L.N.
European Polymer Journal ,
1990
57.
57
R. Livingston
"Research in Photosynthesis" ,
1957
58.
58
N. E. Khomutov
1953
59.
North A.M.
Chemical Society Reviews ,
1972
60.
Zimm B.H.
Journal of Chemical Physics ,
1956
61.
Zimm B.H., Roe G.M., Epstein L.F.
Journal of Chemical Physics ,
1956
62.
Murakami H., Norisuye T., Fujita H.
Macromolecules ,
1980
63.
63
1930
64.
64
Chem. Zentr. II ,
1931
65.
Tsvetkov V.N., Tsepelevich S.O.
European Polymer Journal ,
1983
66.
66
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1950
67.
67
N. N. Mel'nikov
Zhur. Obshch. Khim. ,
1940
68.
68
N. N. Mel'nikov
Zhur. Obshch. Khim. ,
1946
69.
69
B. Commoner
1958
70.
70
N. Bubnov
Biofizika ,
1960
71.
71
Yu. A. Shlyapnikov
Vysokomol. Soed. ,
1962
72.
72
A. F. Lukovnikov
"Starenie i Stabilizatsiya Polimerov" (Aging arid Stabilisation of Polymers) ,
1963
73.
73
T. Skwarski
Chem. Abs. ,
1957
74.
74
F. F. Litvin
Uspekhi Fiz. Nauk ,
1960
75.
75
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1950
76.
76
A. N. Terenin
"Fotokhimiya Krasitelei" (The Photochemistry of Dyes) ,
1947
77.
Onsager L.
Journal of the American Chemical Society ,
1936
78.
78
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1949
79.
Scholte T.G.
Physica ,
1949
80.
Kirkwood J.G.
Journal of Chemical Physics ,
1939
81.
81
J. C. Ghosh
J. Indian Chem. Soc. ,
1934
82.
82
G. P. Brin
Biokhimiya ,
1957
83.
83
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1947
84.
Buckingham A.D., Pople J.A.
Proceedings of the Physical Society Section A ,
1955
85.
85
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1947
86.
Ramshaw J.D., Schaefer D.W., Waugh J.S., Deutch J.M.
Journal of Chemical Physics ,
1971
87.
87
J. F. Arens
"Advances in Organic Chemistry" ,
1960
88.
88
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1946
89.
90.
90
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1951
91.
91
L. M. Vorob'eva
Biokhimiya ,
1956
92.
92
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1948
93.
93
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1956
94.
94
A. A. Krasnovskii
Fiziologiya Rastenii ,
1957
95.
95
A. A. Krasnovskii
Fiziologiya Rastenii ,
1957
96.
96
L. M. Vorob'eva
Biokhimiya ,
1958
97.
97
A. N. Terenin
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1952
98.
98
W. Franke
Chem. Zentr. ,
1954
99.
99
V. V. Zolotarev
1938
100.
Vitovskaya M.G., Tsvetkov V.N.
European Polymer Journal ,
1976
101.
Tsvetkov V.N., Lavrenko P.N., Andreeva L.N., Mashoshin A.I., Okatova O.V., Mikriukova O.I., Kutsenko L.I.
European Polymer Journal ,
1984
102.
102
F. Fichter
Helv. Chim. Acta ,
1922
103.
103
L. N. Bell
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1956
104.
Tsvetkov V.N., Kolomiets I.P., Lezov A.V., Andreeva L.N., Bilibin A.Y., Skorokhodov S.S.
European Polymer Journal ,
1986
105.
Tsvetkov V.N., Andreeva L.N., Lavrenko P.N., Beliaeva E.V., Okatova O.V., Bilibin A.Y., Skorokhodov S.S.
European Polymer Journal ,
1984
106.
106
F. Fichter
Helv. Chim. Acta ,
1927
107.
107
M. F. Shostakovskii
Zhur. Obshch. Khim. ,
1961
108.
108
F. Fichter
Helv. Chim. Acta ,
1924
109.
109
F. Ficher
Bull. Soc. chim. France (4) ,
1916
110.
110
M. F. Shostakovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1960
111.
Tsvetkov V.N., Andreeva L.N., Filippov A.P.
European Polymer Journal ,
1988
112.
Tsvetkov V.N., Lezov A.V., Tsvetkov N.V., Andreeva L.N.
European Polymer Journal ,
1990
113.
114
L. Segal
"Chemical Reactions of Polymers" ,
1964
114.
115
A. A. Krasnovskii
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1957
115.
116
V. B. Evstigneev
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR ,
1957
116.
117
V. V. Levchenko
Zhur. Obshch. Khim. ,
1948
117.
118
V. M. Rodionov
Zhur. Obshch. Khim. ,
1935
118.
119
V. V. Levchenko
Zhur. Obshch. Khim. ,
1947
119.
120
V. V. Levchenko
Zhur. Obshch. Khim. ,
1948
120.
Tsvetkov V.N.
Russian Chemical Reviews ,
1969
121.
Tsvetkov V.N.
European Polymer Journal ,
1969