Abstract
Modern modifications of the conventional X-ray methods of physicochemical analysis (X-ray and electron spectroscopy, diffraction methods, etc.) and new combined techniques using X-ray synchrotron radiation are considered. Unique characteristics of synchrotron radiation are noted, namely, continuous spectrum, exceptionally high intensity, polarisation, coherence, pulse nature, etc. The key trends in the use of combined methods in chemistry and materials science including studies of substances under extreme conditions, the study of rapid processes, studies with high spatial resolution are discussed. The achievements in the applications of synchrotron radiation are illustrated by examples from various fields of chemistry and related sciences. The bibliography includes 405 references.