Third-generation solar cells based on quaternary copper compounds with the kesterite-type structure

The state of the art in the studies aimed at improving the efficiency and reducing the cost of solar energy cells is analyzed. A possible way to achieve these goals is to use absorber layers made of semiconductor materials based on a new, poorly studied class of quaternary copper compounds $\mathrm{Cu}_2\mathrm{Zn}\mathrm{Sn}\mathrm X_4$ ($\mathrm X=\mathrm{S},\mathrm{Se}$) with the kesterite-type structure. Methods of synthesis and the chemical composition of the kesterite absorber layers are discussed. Various types and operating principles of thin-film solar cells as well as main factors influencing parameters of these devices are considered.

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