Abstract
The review covers main theories and models of shear flow of suspensions and results of computer simulation of the properties of disperse systems under dynamic conditions. Emphasis is given to the state of aggregated and non-aggregated suspensions. The microstructure of disperse systems is demonstrated to play a crucial role in their bulk rheological properties. The causes and conditions of the appearance of macroscopic inhomogeneity, i.e., discontinuity in highly concentrated systems are analysed and the specific features of microrheology of low-concentrated fractal colloidal gels are reviewed. The review describes the possibilities of the use of surfactants and vibration treatment for controlling the rheological properties of dispersions. The advantages and disadvantages of computer simulation of disperse systems are discussed and examples of application of these methods to the description of the dynamic state of suspensions are given.